Avoided environmental impacts
Redefining value, The manufacturing revolution, Remanufacturing, refurbishment, repair and direct reuse in the circular economy, published by the United Nations Environment Programme in 2018, suggests that: ‘Avoided environmental impacts: Refers to a scenario-based demonstration of the environmental impacts that are avoided by an economy due to the use of value-retention processes (VRPs) within the production mix…This approach presents the differential environmental impacts between a scenario in which total supply comes from original equipment manufacturer (OEM) New units, and the scenario in which total supply incorporates the actual economy-specific production mix which includes value-retention processes (VRPs) to varying degrees. This impact differential, based on actual production volumes, presents the environmental impacts that are avoided because of economy-specific production mix.’
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